Evaluation of Wound Healing Activity of Banana Peels Extract
Background: Wound healing is a complex biological process that involves tissue repair and regeneration. While various synthetic products exist, there is a growing Interest in natural alternatives due to their safety and efficacy. Banana peels (Musa paradisiaca), often discarded as waste, are rich In bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, which possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can promote healing.
Aims: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the wound-healing activity of Yemeni Banana peel ethanolic extract in rats. Specifically, the study aimed to prepare the extract, screen its phytochemicals, formulate it into an ointment at different concentrations (0.25% and 1%) and evaluate Its efficacy compared to a standard drug (MEBO) .
Method: An experimental study was conducted using eighteen female rats. Banana peels were extracted using 85% ethanol via maceration. The extract was then formulated into topical ointments. Animals were divided into groups: treated with 1% extract, 0.25% extract, MEBO (standard), and a control group (untreated). Wound contraction was monitored on days 3, 7, 14, and 21 post-wounding .
Result: Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, phenols, and saponins. The animal study revealed that the 0.25% extract ointment was the most effective, achieving nearly 95% wound contraction by day 21 with minimal scarring. Complete wound closure was observed in treated groups by day 21, whereas the control group did not achieve full closure. Interestingly, lower concentrations showed better efficacy and fewer side effects compared to the 1% concentration, which caused some irritation .
Conclusion: The study concludes that Yemeni Banana peel extract, particularly at a 0.25% concentration, significantly enhances wound healing and tissue remodeling. These findings support the traditional use of banana peels and suggest they could serve as a cost-effective, natural alternative for wound care
Keywords: Musa paradisiaca, Banana peels extract, wound healing, phytochemicals, ointment formulation, antioxidant activity, animal model